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The center of gravity and the stability triangle is among the important basic operating factors. Amongst the most complicated things for a lift truck operator to determine is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity in their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
A forklift has a 3-point suspension system. The stability triangle is formed when imaginary lines are drawn between these three points. The operator must make sure that the center of gravity, that is made, along with the machinery and his load, remains within the stability triangle so as to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How is the center of gravity defined? When it comes to lift truck operation, we must be concerned not only with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This comprises the load which is being picked up as well as the lift truck itself.
The load center is defined as the load's center of gravity. In a uniform load situation, such as a bale for example, the load center can be more easily detected. A uniform load on a 48 inch long pallet, for instance, will have the load center at 24 inches. This is a common load center for numerous smaller capacity lift trucks. However, if a load is not correctly centered, such as with items that are not symmetrical, maybe an engine for instance, then a lot of care and caution need to be taken so as to estimate the center of gravity.
Additionally, the lift truck has it's own center of gravity. This shifts each time the lift truck picks up a load. When the load is raised, the center of gravity shifts forward. Care needs to be taken in order to maintain the center of gravity in the stability triangle of the forklift. This happens by following the numbers and not raisin more than the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. What's more, the load center must be taken into consideration. Be aware that whenever lifting the load, the load center also shifts forward.
The forklift or lift truck is a powered machinery used most frequently for the lifting and transporting of products and supplies in industrial and warehouse environments. These equipment are normally utilized within the construction, mining, warehousing, and dockside applications.
Depending on their functions, the forklift can be called by many different names. Several different examples of these names include: fork trucks, trailer loaders, lift trucks and stacker trucks. These kinds of equipment are used all over the globe, mainly within the manufacturing and warehousing industry.
In the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, the first forklifts made their debut in the construction of the Pennsylvania railroad in 1906. At that time, platform trucks were launched in order to help in moving goods. These very first platform trucks run on batteries. The trucks regained their popularity in WWI when extreme shortage of labor occurred because of all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts truly arrived on the market to stay.
For forklifts, there are essentially 2 types: ones that handle light cargo and the ones which deal with heavier cargo. Lighter units would include: towing tractors, side loaders, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These equipment are meant for handling lighter loads and they are not suitable for really heavy loads. The specific load capacity of the machine is posted on the equipment itself and in the owner's manual. Some examples of the big truck types include: truck mounted forklifts, telescopic handlers and walkie order picking trucks.