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Some industrial and commercial buildings are capable of reaching heights of over 60 stories. Apparently, while these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes which are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the largest kinds offered on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being built, chances are a crane would be on site.
Types
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could range from thirty thousand pounds to 10,000 pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual parts. In order to increase the overall height of the machine, sections are added. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to raise supplies, the crane uses a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the boom or jib from a motor located next to the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when lifting heavy materials.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a particular type of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and are able to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the pistons of the boom in opposite directions so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are vital in constructing major projects like for example airports, bridges, buildings and roadways. A crane can complete in minutes jobs that would normally take a lot of hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
The vast machinery are usually used in the building of cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were likely constructed with the help of basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most remarkable construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was showcased during King Ramses' reign within Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device that was utilized to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were utilized to create an entire country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were initially made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards began to require stronger and bigger equipments. Hick & Rothwell designed the first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, in eighteen thirty four. This machine was capable of lifting up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to make cast iron cranes. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.